# What are the torque outputs of MANATEE?

The list of all MANATEE outputs are described in the Excel sheet of Doc folder MANATEE_Input_variables and MANATEE_Output_variables. The electromagnetic torque waveform can only be calculated using subdomain model and FEMM but not with permeance /mmf model. The average torque can be obtained based on the equivalent circuit when available.

In terms of graphical outputs the following commands are available:

• plot_torque_all: plot all available torque quantities (waveforms, harmonics)
• plot_torque_cogging: plot of cogging torque waveform
• plot_torque_em: plot of electromagnetic torque obtained with selected electromagnetic model
• plot_torque_Maxwell: plot of electromagnetic torque obtained with Maxwell stress method

The typical outputs of electromagnetic torque post processing are:

The following torque quantities are available in Output.Magnetics structure:

• Tem = electromagnetic torque waveform of the default electromagnetic model [Nm]
• Temav = average electromagnetic torque of the default electromagnetic model [Nm]
• Tem_rip = electromagnetic torque ripple (normalized to average torque) of the default electromagnetic model []
• Tcog_rip = peak to peak cogging torque [Nm]
• Tcog_ripN = cogging torque as a percentage of nominal torque [%]

Other torque outputs are available from the magnetic model:

• TemM = electromagnetic torque waveform obtained with Maxwell stress method based on flux distribution of default electromagnetic model [Nm]
• TemMav = average electromagnetic torque obtained with Maxwell stress method based on flux distribution of default electromagnetic model [Nm]
• TemMrip = electromagnetic torque ripple (normalized to average torque) obtained with Maxwell stress method based on flux distribution of default electromagnetic model []
• TemMav_fem = average electromagnetic torque obtained with Maxwell stress method based on flux distribution of FEM electromagnetic model (if available) [Nm]
• TemMav_sdm = average electromagnetic torque obtained with Maxwell stress method based on flux distribution of SDM electromagnetic model (if available) [Nm]

The Equivalent Electrical Circuit (EEC) can also be used to evaluate average torque, the following values are stored in Output.Electrical structure:

• Cem = average electromagnetic torque using equivalent circuit [Nm]
• Cout = average shaft mechanical torque using equivalent circuit and mechanical power losses [Nm]