Principle
The winding pattern to be defined for Prius 2004 tutorial is a 3-phase (qs=3), double-layer, distributed, shorted-pitch winding with a coil span of 5 slots.
MANATEE includes a winding algorithm that automatically generate distributed windings, or concentrated windings (alternate teeth wound or all teeth wound) but if necessary the user can directly input its own winding connection matrix or import a winding file generated by the winding design tool Koil freeware.
The winding is made of random round wires with 13 wires in hand. The following tables summarize the Prius 2004 IPMSM stator winding input parameters. "Script syntax" means how to set dimensions in scripting mode.
| Description | Value | Script syntax |
|---|---|---|
| Winding type | 3 | Input.Magnetics.type_winding1 = 3 |
| Coil pitch | 5 | Input.Magnetics.coil_pitch1 =5 |
| Description | Value | Script syntax |
|---|---|---|
| Number of parallel circuits | 1 | Input.Magnetics.Npcp1 = 1 |
| Number of turns per coil | 9 | Input.Magnetics.Ntcoil1 =9 |
| Number of turn in series | 144 | Input.Magnetics.Ntsp1 = 144 |
| Description | Value | Script syntax |
|---|---|---|
| Conductor type | 1 | Input.Magnetics.type_conductor1=1 |
| Number of parallel strands | 13 | Input.Magnetics.Nwpc1 = 13 |
| Wire diameter | 0.912 mm | Input.Geometry.Wwire1 = 0.912e-3 |
| Description | Value | Script syntax |
|---|---|---|
| Length of end-winding out of lamination | 0 | Input.Geometry.Lsewout=0 |
| Winding overhang packing factor | 0.5 | Input.Geometry.Kwoh1=0.5 |
GUI implementation
Stator winding topology
To select the winding type you can choose among the available winding algorithm. In this case the winding "double layer distributed winding" should be selected:
- Step 5: Stator Winding Pattern
In the GUI you can preview your winding:
- Stator winding preview
Stator winding parameters
The electrical connections are defined as:
- Step 6: Stator Winding Parameters
Stator conductor parameters
The conductors are defined as:
- Step 7: Stator Winding Conductor
Note that you don’t need to define the insulation layers for vibroacoustic calculations, they are only used to check if the winding fits inside the slots and for heat transfer calculations. The slot fill factor is given as an output in the GUI. It is an important parameters to check that the slot geometry and winding parameters have been correctly defined. Depending on voltage range and winding type, the slot fill factor may vary between 40% to 90%.
Stator end-winding parameters
The end-winding shape is defined as:
- Step 8: Stator Endwinding
The end-winding packing factor allows to tune the effective length of the end-winding conductors, which can be more or less short depending on the overhang tightness. The set-up of the end-winding can be skipped if the armature current is directly imposed, or if the equivalent circuit parameters are imposed. In this case the end-winding length have an influence on the winding resistance and resulting current level. The stator winding resistance per phase is given as an output in the GUI so one can also use the packing factor to tune the resistance per phase.
Scripting implementation
To define the stator winding in scripting mode, simply edit change the input parameters of machine_IPMSM_A_test.m with the table values at the beginning of the article. As an example the winding topology is defined with:
Input.Magnetics.type_winding1 = 3
Input.Magnetics.coil_pitch1 = 5In the script, if one wants MANATEE to calculate the slot fill factor one must put
Input.Geometry.is_forced_Ksfill1 = 0
Alternatively, one can directly specify the slot fill factor Ksfill1 and the number of turns is chosen accordingly. It is generally better to let MANATEE calculate the slot fill factor to check if the winding and slot geometry are correctly defined.
